By Month: Historical Events in March

Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem is completed.

Solomon's son Rehoboam ascends to the throne of the Kingdom of Judah after Solomon's death, leading to the division of the United Monarchy.

The approximate time when King Solomon is believed to have begun construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem.

The traditional founding date of the city of Rome by Romulus and Remus.

Israel's northern kingdom, Samaria, falls to the Assyrians, leading to the exile of the Israelites.

Babylonians capture Jerusalem and replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king.

The Babylonian siege of Jerusalem begins, leading to the eventual destruction of the First Temple.

Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, dies at the age of 80 in Kushinagar, India. More

The Battle of Gaza occurs between Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia, leading to Alexander's victory and the collapse of Persian rule.

The founding of the Qin Dynasty in China marks the beginning of Imperial China.

The Battle of Zama takes place, where Roman general Scipio Africanus defeats Carthaginian leader Hannibal, ending the Second Punic War.

Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon River with his army, initiating a civil war in Rome.

Julius Caesar is assassinated by a group of Roman senators, including Brutus and Cassius, in the Roman Senate.

Germanic tribes led by Arminius defeat the Roman legions at the Battle of Idistaviso.

Roman Emperor Tiberius dies, and Caligula becomes Emperor.

Caligula, Roman Emperor, is assassinated, and Claudius becomes the new Emperor.

Roman Emperor Claudius is poisoned, and Nero ascends to the throne.

Nero, Roman Emperor, is given the title of Pontifex Maximus, the high priest of the College of Pontiffs.

The Great Fire of Rome begins, lasting for six days and destroying a significant portion of the city.